Abstract: When aluminum and aluminum alloy materials are used for substation equipment, their mechanical and electrical properties are mainly considered, but their corrosion resistance is rarely considered. The corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys in different environments is different. So the corrosion problem of aluminum alloys is becoming increasingly prominent. The environmental corrosion factors, corrosion mechanisms of different corrosion forms and corrosion influencing factors of aluminum and aluminum alloy commonly used in substation equipment are introduced. The material selection suggestions of aluminum and aluminum alloy for substation in different environments are proposed, providing reference to the material selection of aluminum and aluminum alloy for substation.